What are the symptoms of high sugar in late pregnancy?
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an abnormality in glucose metabolism that occurs during pregnancy, and is more likely to be detected in the third trimester of pregnancy (usually after 28 weeks). If blood sugar is not controlled well, it may have adverse effects on the health of mother and baby. Understanding the symptoms of high blood sugar in late pregnancy can help pregnant women seek medical treatment and take intervention measures in a timely manner. The following are common symptoms and related data analysis of high blood sugar in late pregnancy.
1. Common symptoms of high blood sugar in late pregnancy
1.Frequent thirst and urination: Elevated blood sugar will lead to an increase in blood osmotic pressure, stimulating the thirst center, and pregnant women will feel abnormally thirsty. At the same time, high blood sugar can lead to increased urine production and increased urination frequency.
2.fatigue and weakness: Due to abnormal blood sugar metabolism, the body cannot effectively use glucose for energy. Pregnant women may feel continuous fatigue that is difficult to relieve even after rest.
3.Abnormal weight gain: Although weight gain is normal during late pregnancy, pregnant women with high blood sugar levels may gain weight too quickly or too slowly due to insulin resistance.
4.Itchy skin: High blood sugar may cause dry and itchy skin, especially on the abdomen and extremities.
5.blurred vision: Blood sugar fluctuations may cause temporary blurred vision, which is caused by the fluid balance in the eye being disrupted.
6.recurring infections: A high blood sugar environment can easily breed bacteria and fungi, and pregnant women may suffer from repeated urinary tract infections or vaginal infections.
2. Risk factors for high blood sugar in late pregnancy
| risk factors | Description |
|---|---|
| Elderly pregnant women (over 35 years old) | As you get older, your metabolic function decreases and your risk of diabetes increases. |
| family history of diabetes | Pregnant women with a history of diabetes in their immediate family are at higher risk |
| overweight or obese | Pregnant women with a BMI ≥ 25 are more likely to develop insulin resistance |
| Past history of GDM | Pregnant women who have had gestational diabetes have higher rates of recurrence |
| Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) | PCOS patients are often accompanied by insulin resistance |
3. Diagnostic criteria for high blood sugar in late pregnancy
Gestational diabetes is usually diagnosed with an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The following are internationally accepted diagnostic criteria:
| Detection time | Normal blood sugar value (mmol/L) | Abnormal blood glucose value (mmol/L) |
|---|---|---|
| fasting | <5.1 | ≥5.1 |
| 1 hour after taking sugar | <10.0 | ≥10.0 |
| 2 hours after taking sugar | <8.5 | ≥8.5 |
4. Countermeasures for high blood sugar in late pregnancy
1.diet modification: Reduce the intake of high-sugar and high-fat foods, increase dietary fiber, and choose foods with a low glycemic index (GI).
2.Moderate exercise: 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise every day, such as walking and pregnancy yoga, can help control blood sugar.
3.Regular monitoring: Use a blood glucose meter to monitor fasting and postprandial blood sugar at home, and record the data for doctors’ reference.
4.medical intervention: If diet and exercise control are not effective, your doctor may recommend insulin treatment.
5. The impact of high blood sugar in late pregnancy on mother and baby
| Effects on pregnant women | Effects on the fetus |
|---|---|
| gestational hypertension | Macrosomia (birth weight ≥4kg) |
| increased risk of preterm birth | Neonatal hypoglycemia |
| Cesarean section rate increases | respiratory distress syndrome |
| Increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the future | Childhood Obesity Risks |
6. Summary
High blood sugar in late pregnancy is a common complication during pregnancy, but through early detection and scientific management, maternal and infant health risks can be effectively reduced. Pregnant women should pay close attention to their symptoms, have regular prenatal check-ups, follow doctor's advice, and maintain a healthy lifestyle. If symptoms of suspected hyperglycemia occur, you should seek medical examination promptly to avoid delaying treatment.
The above content combines recent medical research and clinical data and aims to provide scientific health guidance for pregnant women. If in doubt, please consult a professional doctor.
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